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Show HN: A MitM proxy to see what your LLM tools are sending
I built this out of curiosity about what Claude Code was actually sending to the API. Turns out, watching your tokens tick up in real-time is oddly satisfying.

Sherlock sits between your LLM tools and the API, showing you every request with a live dashboard, and auto-saved copies of every prompt as markdown and json.

This tool looks like it unconditionally disables tls verification for upstream requests.

It shells out to mitmproxy with "--set", "ssl_insecure=true"

This took all of 5 minutes to find reading through main.py on my phone.

https://github.com/jmuncor/sherlock/blob/fb76605fabbda351828...

Edit: In case it’s not clear, you should not use this.

I think the main problem is when OP wrote:

> I built this

Instead of

> I prompted this

I am OK with people publishing new ideas to the web as long as they are 100% honest and admit they just had an idea and asked an AI to build it for themselves. That way I can understand they may not have considered all the things that needs to be considered and I can skip it (and then prompt it myself if I want to, adding all the things I consider necesary)

Co-Authored-By: Claude Opus 4.5 <noreply@anthropic.com>
Ah, getting the job done by disabling important validation, if that isn't the most prominent Opus trait...

I wonder how much this will end up costing the industry in aggregate.

I’m thinking of pivoting into cybersecurity. I suspect that’s where the all money will be in the next couple of years.
Not entirely different from many human engineers...
Don't use it if you plan to auto accept terminal commands, without a sandbox, while on a public wifi in a cafe, next to a hacker who decides to bet on you running a very niche configuration.
All you need is to manipulate DNS, inject a record with a long TTL and the rest is not required.

It scales very well and I guarantee this is not the only instance of misconfigured host verification. In other words, this is not as niche as you might think.

If you're able to manipulate DNS, can't you just issue your own certificate for the domain? Even if it would be revoked moments later, mitmproxy doesnt check it even when ssl_insecure=false:

https://github.com/mitmproxy/mitmproxy/issues/2235

EDIT: Maybe I incorrectly assumed you meant authoritative DNS.

And it's already surpassed my most starred project when it was on GitHub, all the more validating to have moved it to forgejo. If vibecoded stuff with unbelievable security vulns can get so much praise the whole star system doesn't work as a quality filter. Similarly a well crafted README used to help reflect quality, no longer...
Just fixed it and implemented a simple http relay, eliminating the mitmproxy and the ssl_insecure=true. The new implementation uses TLS verification, doing last tests and merging it... After the merge can you check it out and tell me if I earned your star? :D
I’m not sure you fully understand the implications of the misconfiguration of mitmproxy there. Effectively you provided an easily accessible front door for remote code execution on a user’s machine.

No offense, but I wouldn’t trust anything else you published.

I think it’s great that you are learning and it is difficult to put yourself out there and publish code, but what you originally wrote had serious implications and could have caused real harm to users.

Ohh my, no offense taken... The next time I will be a lot more careful with the stuff that I put out there. Learning and getting the hang of it, would love if you either comment on the code or here any other things you think could be improved. I am in the process of getting better and appreciate all the blunt and transparent feedback. No one grows out of praise.
I don't think you can get professionals to review code that you didn't even bother typing yourself.

You aren't learning much. You're vibe coding, which means you learn almost nothing, except maybe prompting your LLM better.

No, you’re in the process of vibe coding stuff you don’t understand and you will most likely never understand until you take the time to open a book.
Your comment contains nothing but insults.

This is not a place for you to try and make yourself feel better by disparaging others.

You might find my comment insulting but saying that it contains insults is inaccurate.

Also, OP claims that he is here to learn, but he is mostly chasing cheap GH stars to boost his resume. How insulting is that?

>tell me if I earned your star

Since you asked: Not in a million years, no.

A bug of this type is either an honest typo or a sign that the author(s) don't take security seriously. Even if it were a typo, any serious author would've put a large FIXME right there when adding that line disabling verification. I know I would. In any case a huge red flag for a mitm tool.

Seeing that it's vibe coded leads me believe it's due to AI slop, not a simple typo from debugging.

I love the real feedback tbh, I am still learning, and want to learn as much as possible. Would love if you can review it and tell me bluntly either in the repo or here the things that should be improved. I would love to learn more from you and get better :D
I'm not going to review it in full, sorry. Reviewing is so much more effort compared to producing something with AI. But don't let me deter you, keep on learning and keep on building.

I wish I had the possibilities to learn and build on such a large scale when I started out. AI is a blessing and a curse I guess.

My own early projects were most definitely crap, and I made the exact same mistakes in the past. Honestly my first attempts were surely worse. But my projects were also tiny and incomplete, so I never published them.

However: What little parts I did publish as open-source or PRs were meticulously reviewed before ever hitting send, and I knew these inside and out and they were as good as I could make it.

Vibe-coded software is complete but never as good as you could make it, so the effort in reviewing it is mostly wasted.

I guess what I'm trying to say is I'm a bit tired of seeing student-level projects on HN / Github cosplaying as production ready software built by an experienced engineer. It used to be possible to distinguish these from the README or other cues, but nowadays they all look professional and are unintentionally polluting the software space when I'm actually looking for something.

Please understand that this is not specifically directed at you, it's pent up frustration from reading HN projects over the last months. Old guy yelling at clouds.

The README is really annoying.

You used to be able to tell so easily what was a good well looked after repo by viewing the effort and detail that had gone into the README.

Now it's too easy to slop up a README.

I appreciate that attitude. Keep it up.
unlikely to get that from a throwaway
You can always try right?
Only if you don’t care about your reputation.

“Give me your time for free” is not the kind of request that earns respect.

You don't understand what you're doing, and never will. Throw away all computing devices you've got.
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Say it with me:

If I wanted an AI written tool for this, I would have prompted an AI, not opened HN.

As someone who just set up mitmproxy to do something very similar, I wish this would've been a plugin/add-on instead of a standalone thing.

I know and trust mitmproxy. I'm warier and less likely to use a new, unknown tool that has such broad security/privacy implications. Especially these days with so many vibe-coded projects being released (no idea if that's the case here, but it's a concern I have nonetheless).

Agee! This was a fun project that I build because it is so hard to understand what "really" is in you context window... What do you mean by plugin/add-on? Add-on to what? Thinking of what to add to it next... Maybe security would be a good direction, or at least visibility of what is happening to the proxy's traffic.
Addon to mitmproxy: https://docs.mitmproxy.org/stable/addons/overview/
Looks like it's implemented that way already?

https://github.com/jmuncor/sherlock/blob/fb76605fabbda351828...

Yes... Got it patched up and fixed some security issues it had. Let me know what you think of the new version.
What would you think of simply using an http relay for all providers? Would that make you feel better secutity wise? also could extend the tool to change the context you are sending and make it more granular to what you want/need...
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This is great.

When I work with AI on large, tricky code bases I try to do a collaboration where it hands off things to me that may result in large number of tokens (excess tool calls, unprecise searches, verbose output, reading large files without a range specified, etc.).

This will help narrow down exactly which to still handle manually to best keep within token budgets.

Note: "yourusername" in install git clone instructions should be replaced.

I had a similar problem, and when claude code (or codex) is running in sandbox, i wanted to put a cap or get notified on large contexts.

especially, because once x0K words crossed, the output becomes worser.

https://github.com/quilrai/LLMWatcher

made this mac app for the same purpose. any thoughts would be appreciated

  • cedws
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I've been trying to get token usage down by instructing Claude to stop being so verbose (saying what it's going to do beforehand, saying what it just did, spitting out pointless file trees) but it ignores my instructions. It could be that the model is just hard to steer away from doing that... or Anthropic want it to waste tokens so you burn through your usage quickly.
Simply assert that :

you are a professional (insert concise occupation).

Be terse.

Skip the summary.

Give me the nitty-gritty details.

You can send all that using your AI client settings.

  • kej
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Would you mind sharing more details about how you do this? What do you add to your AI prompts to make it hand those tasks off to you?
Hahahah just fixed it, thank you so much!!!! Think of extending this to a prompt admin, Im sure there is a lot of trash that the system sends on every query, I think we can improve this.
Nice work! I'm sure the data gleaned here is illuminating for many users.

I'm surprised that there isn't a stronger demand for enterprise-wide tools like this. Yes, there are a few solutions, but when you contrast the new standard of "give everyone at the company agentic AI capabilities" with the prior paradigm of strong data governance (at least at larger orgs), it's a stark difference.

I think we're not far from the pendulum swinging back a bit. Not just because AI can't be used for everything, but because the governance on widespread AI use (without severely limiting what tools can actually do) is a difficult and ongoing problem.

I had to vibe code a proxy to hide tokens from agents (https://github.com/vladimirkras/prxlocal) because I haven’t found any good solution either. I planned to add genai otel stuff that could be piped into some tool to view dialogues and tool calls and so on, but I haven’t found any good setup that doesn’t require lots of manual coding yet. It’s really weird that there are no solutions in that space.
  • dtkav
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nice, I'm working on something similar with macroons so the tokens can be arbitrarily scopes in time and capability too.

Mine uses an Envoy sidecar on a sandbox container.

https://github.com/dtkav/agent-creds

Yes, I was just thinking about how, as engineers, we're trained to document every thought that has ever crossed our minds, for liability and future reference. Yet once an LLM is done with its task, the "hit by a bus" scenario takes place immediately.
Yes, I think you can actually later store this in a database and start querying and optimizing what is happening there. Even you can start using these files or a destilation of these as long term memory.
Activate controlled folder access and filesystem access to see what is trying to change every time loading and using a llm. Most LLM models are programmed to call home at first loading. Then the libs you are loading them with also log and smt looking to send bytes (check with firewall for details).

HugstonOne uses Enforced Offline policy/ Offline switch because of that. Our Users are so happy lately :) and will realize it clearly in the future.

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You don't need to mess with certificates - you can point CC at a HTTP endpoint and it'll happily play along.

If you build a DIY proxy you can also mess with the prompt on the wire. Cut out portions of the system prompt etc. Or redirect it to a different endpoint based on specific conditions etc.

Have you tried this with Gemini? or Codex?
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I personally switched to opencode. The prompt I wanted to mess with - search - I don’t need to intercept there so less need for a proxy
Have tried with gemini-cli and claude-code both, it works, honestly, it should work with most if not all cli clients
Working on this feature right now!! Thank you for the suggestion, will start the branch for it... Whent think of improving the context window usage, now that with an http relay we can start thinking of intercepting the context window, anything that you think could be cool to implement?
Got it on the feature branch http-relay, let me know what you think!
  • dygd
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A more advanced LLM API proxy with a nice dashboard: https://github.com/bazumo/clancy
It’s actually really easy to use mitmproxy as a…proxy. You set it up as a SOCKS proxy (or whatever) and point your network or browser to the proxy. I did this recently when a python tool was too aggressive on crawling the web and the server would reject me. Forced my session to limit 5 requests per second and it worked rather than finding the exact file to change in the library. Just do the same to your browser and then turn on the capture mode and you’ll see the requests
The idea is to simplify and store it... Thinking of changing it to http relay, what do you think?
That looks great! Any plans on allowing exports to OpenTelemetry apps like Arize Phoenix? I am looking for ways to connect my Claude Code using Max plan (no API) to it and the best I found was https://arize.com/blog/claude-code-observability-and-tracing..., but it seems kinda overweight.
Yeah would love this for logfire
Something like sherlock start --otel-endpoint?
Yes. It can get a bit more complex as some otels require authentication. You can check Pydantic AI Gateway, Cloudflare AI Gateway or LiteLLM itself. They do similar things. One advantage of yours would be simplicity.
I love this idea... Going to look into it, thank you!
This is incredibly useful for understanding the black box of LLM API calls. The real-time token tracking is game-changing for debugging why certain prompts are so expensive and optimizing context window usage. Having the markdown/JSON exports of every request makes it trivial to iterate on prompt engineering.
Curious - what pushed you toward a proxy vs adding observability/instrumentation in the code?
That is exactly the idea, later we can actually tap into the middle and optimize how the context is actually being used. Feels like the current anthropic tools like compact don't do a great job at it.
Pretty slick. I've been wanting something like this that gets stored with a hash that is stored in the corresponding code change commit message. It'd be good for postmortems of unnoticed hallucinations, and might even be useful to "revive" the agent and see if it can help debug the problem it created.
interesting that you chose to go the MITM way.

https://github.com/quilrai/LLMWatcher

here is my take on the same thing, but as a mac app and using BASE_URL for intercepting codex, claude code and hooks for cursor.

Could you use an approach like this much like a traditional network proxy, to block or sanitise some requests?

E.g. if a request contains confidential information (whatever you define that to be), then block it?

I do kinda the opposite where I run my AI in a sandbox. it sends dummy tokens to APIs. the proxy then injects the real creds. so, the AI never has access to creds.

https://clauderon.com/ -- not really ready for others to use it though

Forgot to mention: It’s a neat tool. Well done.
Thank you, what I was thinking was more along the lines of optimizing how you use your context window. So that the LLM can actually access what it needs to, like a incredibly powerful compact that runs in the background with your file system working as a long term memory... Still thinking how to make it work, so I am super open to ideas.
Dang how will Tailscale make any money on its latest vibe coded feature [0] when others can vibe code it themselves? I guess your SaaS really is someones weekend vibe prompt.

[0]https://news.ycombinator.com/item?id=46782091

That's what LLMs enabled. Faster prototyping. Also lots of exposed servers and apps. It's never been more fun to be a cyber security researcher.
I think it just has been more fun being into computers overall!
It's interesting because if you're into computers it's more accessible than ever and there are more things you can mess with more cheaply than ever. I mean we have some real science fiction stuff going on. At the same time it's probably different for the newer generations. Computers were magical to me and a lot of that was because they were rare. Now they are everywhere, they are just a backdrop to everything else going on.
I agree, I remember when the feed forward NN were the shit! And now the LLMs are owning, I think this adoption pattern will start pulling a lot of innovations on other computer science fields. Networking, for example. But the ability to have that peer programer next to you makes it so much more fun to build, when before you had to spend a whole day debugging something, Claude now just helps you out and gives you time to build. Feels like long roadtrips with cruise control and lane keeping assist!
So is it just a wrapper around MitM Proxy?
> So is it just a wrapper around MitM Proxy?

Yes.

I created something similar months ago [*] but using Envoy Proxy [1], mkcert [2], my own Go (golang) server, and Little Snitch [3]. It works quite well. I was the first person to notice that Codex CLI now sends telemetry to ab.chatgpt.com and other curiosities like that, but I never bothered to open-source my implementation because I know that anyone genuinely interested could easily replicate it in an afternoon with their favourite Agent CLI.

[1] https://www.envoyproxy.io/

[2] https://github.com/FiloSottile/mkcert

[3] https://www.obdev.at/products/littlesnitch/

[*] In reality, I created this something like 6 years ago, before LLMs were popular, originally as a way to inspect all outgoing HTTP(s) traffic from all the apps installed in my macOS system. Then, a few months ago, when I started using Codex CLI, I made some modifications to inspect Agent CLI calls too.

Curious to see how you can get Gemini fully intercepted.

I've been intercepting its HTTP requests by running it inside a docker container with:

-e HTTP_PROXY=http://127.0.0.1:8080 -e HTTPS_PROXY=http://host.docker.internal:8080 -e NO_PROXY=localhost,127.0.0.1

It was working with mitmproxy for a very brief period, then the TLS handshake started failing and it kept requesting for re-authentication when proxied.

You can get the whole auth flow and initial conversation starters using Burp Suite and its certificate, but the Gemini chat responses fail in the CLI, which I understand is due to how Burp handles HTTP2 (you can see the valid responses inside Burp Suite).

Tried with gemini and gave more headaches than anything else, would love if you can help me adding it to sherlock... I use claude and gemini, claude mainly for coding, so wanted to set it up first. With gemini, ran into the same problem that you did...
Gemini CLI is open source. Don't need to intercept at the network when you can just add inspectGeminiApiRequest() in the source. (I suggest it because I've been maintaining a personal branch with exactly that :)
Kind of yes... But with a nice cli so that you don't have to set it up just run "sherlock claude" and "sherlock start" on two terminals and everything that claude sends in that session then it will be stored. So no proxy set up or anything, just simple terminal commands. :)
I understand this helps if we have our own LLM run time. What if we use external services like ChatGPT / Gemini (LLM Providers)? Shouldn't they provide this feature to all their clients out of the box?
This works with claude code and codex... So you can use with any of those, you dont need a local llm running... :)
Amusingly, I had the same question and asked Claude Code to vibe code me something similar. :)
Now you can add on top of it :D and we can all create something great :D
As is the case with most vibe coded software, it wasn't polished, didn't work very well, had lots of edge cases, and was pretty much bespoke to my one use case. :)

It answered the question "what the heck is this software sending to the LLM" but that was about all it was good for.

That was what I wanted to answer.. hehe What edge cases can you think of, and what polish do you think I can add?
This is fantastic. Claude doesn't make it easy to inspect what it's sending - which would actually be really useful for refining the project-specific prompts.
Love you like it!! Let me know any ideas to improve it... I was thining in the direction of a file system and protocol for the md files, or dynamic context building. But would love to hear what you think.
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The amount of AI slop hitting the HN front page is getting out of hand. Then you open the comments and there are obvious LLM bots commenting on it.

Wonder if this is the end of HN.

Or we could just demand agents that offer this level of introspection?
I certainly wouldn't trust self-reporting on this
Not only trust, but how you later optimize what is in the context to cater how you use llms... There is a whole world to be explored inside that context window.
  • rgj
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LiteLLM does this, and can do a lot more beyond that.
Sometimes simplicity is the best thing to have.
more vibe coding tools support will be better, or capture any apps will more awesome
Nice work! Do i need to update Claude Code config after start this proxy service?
Nope... You just run "sherlock claude" and that sets up the proxy for you. So you dont have to think about it... And just use claude normally, every prompt you send in that session will be stored in the files.
Does this support bedrock?
Could add support if you need it! Just let me know :D
Reminds me of claude-trace: https://simonwillison.net/2025/Jun/2/claude-trace/
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What about SSL/certificates ?
I didn't understand the quesion I am sorry.
I also assumed Claude Code would need some kind of cert nudging to accept a proxy.

But it's in the README:

Prompt you to install it in your system trust store

lmao WTAF is this?

build/lib/build/lib/build/lib/build/lib/build/lib/build/lib/build/lib/build/lib/build/lib/build/lib/build/lib/build/lib/build/lib/build/lib/build/lib/build/lib/build/lib/build/lib/build/lib/build/lib/build/lib/build/lib/build/lib/build/lib/build/lib/build/lib/build/lib/build/lib/build/lib/build/lib/build/lib/build/lib/sherlock

That is what you would call vibe-ception... Hahahahah correcting it now! hahahahahahahaha!!
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